| Coal Fired Boiler |
Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC)
technology has seen rapid expansion
in the last 10 years and now
represents a significant sector of
the market for coal fired boilers.
Reasons for this success include
low acid gas emissions and greatly
enhanced fuel flexibility. Principles
of Fluidized Beds are
when solid particles
can be moved by
a fast stream of
air or other gas,
for example when
pressurized air or other
gas is admitted below a column of
solid particles the particles are lifted
and separated by the passage of
the gas until, as the rate of gas flow
is increased, they behave as a liquid
with vigorous movement and
mixing.
Compare to conventional boiler
design, FBC boiler allows fuel to
stay longer in the combustion
chamber thus providing sufficient
time to have enough contact with
air. Also, due to the in-bed turbulence
and the scouring action of the
bed materials on the heat transfer
surface, the fireside heat transfer
coefficient can be about 3 times than that of boilers using conventional
firing system. Its combustion
efficiency is such that it
can burn virtually every last
scrap of energy in the fuel.
The very low content of unburned
carbon in the disposed
ash further attests to its high
combustion efficiency as
high as 99%. The
temperature in the
FBC area is kept
below the ash melting
point at 850 - 950
oC. This low combustion
temperature prevents
fusion
of
ash and
the formation
of
clinkers in the
furnace thereby
minimizing the bad effects
of fouling and erosion of
heat surface. This is especially
important for fuels with very high
ash content like low-grade coal
and low ash fusion point. |
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Top and 2nd largest
papermill in Taiwan are using
Hamada FBC Coal Boiler |
TAIPEI: Taiwan has almost 36 Boiler Manufacturing comapnies
locally. But no one until now manufactures fluidized bed boiler. Due
to the Taiwan government strict control on environment which set the
limit of NOx as low asJapan level,chain grate boiler can not meet the
requirement any more. This is the main reason that the top and 2nd
largest papermill of Taiwan selected Hamada FBC Boiler. FBC
boiler can easily pass the government rule on NOx because of low
combustion temperature.
Cheng Loong PaperMill (Zhupei Factory and Tayuan Factory) and
Yong Fong Yi (YFY-Yangmei Factory, YFY-Chingsui factory, and
Union paper-Douryu factory) are using Hamada Boilers . |
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400kw RICE HUSK POWER PLANT
Actual unit operating in Indonesia since 2007
in Wonosobo, Central Jawa. Bernadi Rahaju
(Director Utama) of PT Dieng Jaya/ PT National
Champignon said this is a wonderful
set up to produce small scale electricity without
using steam boiler.
And their company are
going to place an repeat
order of 800 KW within
this year. Some people
worries about tar from
the combustion of rice
husk/wood. But we
have completely soved this tar problem by
adding tar treatment system together with
the existing environmental equipment.
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venturi scrubbers and cooling towers. Water is employed as
the cooling and scrubbing media. Waste heat
recovery is also available for domestic and
industrial heating purposes. The cooled and
cleaned gas is pumped through a Hi-volt electrostatic
participator (optional) to remove the
remaining tar and particulate before being
used in the gas engines.
Gas Engines and Generators
The combustible gas is directly used in reciprocating
gas engines to power generators
to produce electrical energy. The system is
much compact and simple. In addition, it can
also be used for other heating or direct combustion
applications. One may ask that the
biomass or producer gas can be burned in
boilers to produce steam for piston engines
or turbines, however these operate at a relatively
low efficiency and require large steam
plant and huge initial investment. The gas
engines are professionally retrofitted diesel
engines which are simple in operation reliable.
Relevant technical personnel are
readily a vailable, even in rural regions of
developing countries. |
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| Internal Travelling Chain Stroker Fire Tube Boiler of 10 ton Capacity |
Biomass Gasification Most of us believe that wood (a kind of biomass) burns. However,
if looking closely at the fireplace, the pyrolysing wood does
not burn at the wood surface. The wood evolves a combustible
gas, which burns whenever it encounters oxygen in the air. In
simple term, Biomass Gasification is the breaking down of biomass
material in the absence of oxygen to produce volatile vapor
as a kind of combustible gas. The volatile vapor, usually known
as Producer Gas, contains H2, CH4, CO as the sources of energy
and typically CO2 and N2 as the unwanted diluents. The
biomass is fed into the Gasifier and fluidized to heat up to about
800 oC to generate Producer Gas which needs to be cleaned
and cooled down prior to being used in gas engines.
Producer Gas Treatment
The Producer Gas from the gasifier is very hot at about 750 oC.
It passes through a cyclone separator to remove the coarse particulates
and then passes through a series of |
| Fuel feeding equipment |
Hamada Boiler also offer various kind of solid fuel feeding
system. Also available pelletizing machine/ crushing machine to
pre-process various kind of fuels for the best shape to feed into
the boiler. 2 Picture from the left shows shaftless screw
conveyor which is used for plastic waste boiler and citiwaste
feeding. Picture right is the SATRINDO shredder for shredding
plastic botols, containers, used tired etc. Waste tires can be shredded by this machine and pass through
the magnetic steel wire removing equipment
before feeding into the boiler. Our boiler
operating in Taiwan are using about 20 %
used tires without emitting black smoke, but
the flying particles from the tire fuel need bag
filter and DeSOx tower. |
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